Potato Lab

Michael Castelli Keegan Bauman Potato Lab Dr. Peano Block 1 Introduction: Potatoes are just your average food; they have been around for as long as the human race can remember. In this lab we will make them be a prime example of osmosis, which is a transport mechanism. In this lab the problem being tested was what environment affects the mass of the potatoes the most. The independent variable is the environments used salt, water and iodine solution. The dependent variable is the mass of the potato after being exposed to the environment for 5 days.The control was a potato in no specific environment, meaning it is just sitting in air, no salt and no water/iodine solution. If the potato is exposed to a specific (hypotonic/hypertonic) environment then the mass will increase/decrease because the cell will grow or shrink due to the environment exposed to. Experimental Design: The groups being testes are the hypotonic environment (water and iodine), hypertonic environment (Salt) and the con trol which is just the potato in just the beaker. The time the potatoes stay in each environment is 5 days.One potato is in 300mL of water and iodine solution, another is in 300mL of salt and the last potato is just in air. The potatoes are all fully peeled with no skin. The potatoes are in 3 different beakers with saran wrap over the top of each beaker. Materials: 3 potatoes Potato peeler 3; 500mL beakers 300mL of salt 300mL water 50 drops of iodine Saran wrap Safety goggles Triple beam balance Procedure: 1. Gather materials above 2. Put on goggles 3. Be safe 4. Peel three potatoes over garbage 5. Take mass of each potato 6. Record 7.Put three potatoes in three different beakers 8. Leave one potato in just the beaker (control) 9. In another beaker put 300 mL of water in with 50 drops of iodine (hypotonic environment) 10. In last beaker put 30mL of salt ensuring potato is covered. (hypertonic environment) 11. Put saran wrap over all the beakers 12. Make sure the beakers are sealed 1 3. Let potatoes sit in environment for 5 days 14. Take potatoes out of environment after five days 15. Take mass of each potato 16. Record 17. Record change in mass 18. Observe 9. See if hypothesis was true 20. Write lab Data: Mass of Potato in Environments | Control (Nothing) | Hypotonic Environment (Water and iodine) | Hyper tonic environment (Salt) | Starting mass | 129. 6g| 135. 5g| 144. 1g| Ending mass | 128. 6g| 150. 8g| 102. 2g| Change in mass | -1g| +15. 3g| -41. 9g| Mass of Potato in Environment (In Grams) Weight in Grams Environment Results: The results did not have any outcome that was not expected. The control changed only a single gram in mass, the hypertonic environment grew by 15. 3 grams.On the chart above it is below the graph because the starting mass was taken, then the mass after being in the environment was taken, and the result was -15. 3g hence the reason it appears to be negative. The hypotonic got lost 41. 9g of mass. Conclusion: The results that were taken were clear. The hypothesis was correct, based on the environment the potato was in it either grew or shrunk because it was exposed to the (hypotonic/hypertonic) environment. The results are valid because there were no variables in the experiment and also the results were ones that were expected.In the hypertonic environment the potato grew (as it was expected to) and in the hypotonic environment it shrunk (as it was expected to). The potatoes were expected to do so because when a cell is in a hypertonic environment water tends to flow into the cell, while in a hypotonic environment the water flows out of the cell. This was proven in this experiment. There were no changes to the procedure made. There will be no changes to the procedure if the experiment is replicated again.

Management Information Systems Essay

This paper will discuss the local business of Fascinations Beauty Salon, and the internet strategic model to help develop this company. This business will have to have a new strategy that set up for the viable benefits. Fascinations Beauty Salon will need to be equipped in order to benefit from creating a website. This paper will also discuss the functions of the business through the internet website. Management Information Systems Fascinations Beauty Salon has been in business for quite a long time, like fifty years. It is located in the residential area down the street from an Elementary school and a Baptist Church. The owner Mrs. B. has been doing hair for the majority of her life in the same place and she still has plenty of clients. These clients have been her business for quite some time, and she shares her salon with another beautician that only works certain days. Just recently, Mrs. B. had been trying to research into expanding her business services and was asking about having her business on the internet. Mrs. B. had just realized that she wanted to be in the race with her competitors in the Galveston County area. I spoke to Mrs. B. he other day informing her that Fascinations Beauty Salon could expand the products that she sells on a regularly basis and as well as her services. Between the women that work at this place and the students that have been in the business to get a feel, or trained with internships that she should have a website. So that when people want or need some sort of hairstyle or needs a clip or maybe even a product that only she carries that, they could send a quick electronic email out to the business or they could go to her place of business to receive such services and products. I explained to her that E-commerce is a way that patrons and businesses are getting fast admission to the internet global market. E-commerce is spreading like a wildfire, in the areas of exporting and advertising of manufactured goods and benefits by the usage of central processing units and systems. I advised her that she could triple her business and that I would set up her business with an electronic commerce with a certain type of internet industry example like (B2C) industry-to-customer: which means that ustomers can buy immediately with her company instead of trading with any liaisons. Mrs. B. inquired about the ways that a web site could assist her in benefitting, and I informed her that a web site could assist her company receive a viable gain with a planned effect on her business. With the planned effect on her business implemented as having the lowest assembly or in service expenses, offering distinctive commodities, aiming a definite section of the marketplace, increasing new ways of liability dealing, increasing commodities, or benefits, and starting collections that labor jointly. With electronic storefronts, consumers can shop on the virtual web site via electronic files and shopping pushcart replicas. Also by moving your stock franchise business on the internet, it can improve productivity and increase the buyer overhaul. Here the business can develop an electronic exchange with a combination to contenders and dealers with the benefit of supercomputers and Web sites to purchase and vend merchandise, exchange market statistics, and manage the rear organization procedures, such as monitoring the supplies. The Fascinations Beauty Salon serviceable qualifications for the use of the internet and the web could subsidy it with the physical address of business, telephone number, e-mail, hours of functions, beauty salon overhaul proposed, such as (extensive overhaul shop, loveliness merchandise, waxing, alterations, facials / make-up / skin-care, perms, spirals, haircuts). Also shows advertisements, present documentations, brands suggestions, (Rusk, Nexus, CHI, Matrix, Logics, Red- kens), with exclusive overhaul proposals ( appointments, walk-ins welcome, free parking, group bookings, and clientele performances (all ages, children, men, women, wedding parties). The technological specifications for the chosen business consist of the listed hardware as the following: the case to holds the computer, and a CPU or central processing unit, (also known as a tower) along with drives like CD and DVD drives that can transfer information onto the CD’s and the DVD’s. A monitor the shows the information on the screen along with a keyboard that is used to type information into the computer and a mouse device as a pointing cursor that shows on the monitor. A printer used to print the information as displayed on the monitor. The server domain that I suggest for Fascinations Beauty Salon is Go Daddy. Com, it can be very useful with an SSL Certificate, offers many templates for the business, and is user friendly for everything that pertains to this business. As far as the software, I would recommend that this business would try Hair-Max Salon Software that offers many different optional tabs to assist the business and make it more profitable.

The Feast of the Gods by Giovanni and Titian Essay

The Feast of the Gods by Giovanni and Titian - Essay Example The main premise of a feast is the coherent element of the painting. The gods, each doing their individual thing, add to the atmosphere that it conjures. The blasà © expression of these gods gives off the homogenous quality of the theme. Priapus trying to carry out his ill-conceived plan against Lotis and the ass is also prominent in the painting. Famously, the x-ray photographs of the painting prove that contrary to the assumption that Bellini was not able to finish the painting because of his death, there was no such requirement for Titian to complete it. Rather, historians agree that the alterations were executed to make Bellini’s painting flow seamlessly with the other paintings in the Alabaster Room. â€Å"Eliminated by Titian’s intervention was the contrast between the figural group, so markedly animated by means of colour, and the regular repetition of tree trunks and the uniform dark green of the leaf canopy† (Bà ¤tschmann 210). This would have given it more balance as an undeviating background would have made the scene of the gods the main focus of the eye. For lack of a better word, the painting evoked a sense of noise. In totality it looks great in the sense that there are the human elements that make it interesting and playful to the imagination. It reminds me of Leonardo Da Vinci’s ‘The Last Supper’ in many ways. Both have religious themes, both portray a particularly interesting and much-written about scene and both are classic works of art by two great artists of their time.

Innovation of crowdfunding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Innovation of crowdfunding - Essay Example Crowdfunding, as a process, has a series of unique features. For this reason, the specific process is considered to meet the requirements of innovation. However, a carefully review of the characteristics of this process reveals similarities to an existing framework/ idea: the crowdsourcing, a term denoting ‘the use of crowd to obtain ideas, feedback and solutions in regard to corporate activities’ (Danmayr, 2013, p.4). In addition, before crowdfunding creative projects were funded using ‘traditional funding methods, such as self-financing or bank-financing’ (Metzler, 2011, p.4). In this context it could be supported that crowdfunding is a process that has replaced traditional financing schemes, especially in regard to projects of the creative sector. As of the innovative character of crowdfunding reference should be made to the following fact: crowdfunding seems to meet all the criteria used for defining a process as innovative. However, problem could possibly appear when trying to categorise crowdfunding as innovation. Initially, crowdfunding could be possibly considered to be a radical innovation, as this type of innovation is explained further in the next sections. A series of studies in the literature seem to promote this view; the studies of Castaldo (2013) and Deffains-Crapsky and Sudolska (2014), as analyzed below, are examples of this approach. However, most academic studies lead to another view: crowdfunding is rather an incremental innovation, i.e. an innovation based on existing technology. This study refers to crowdfunding as an incremental innovation. Relevant literature is presented in the Literature Review section for supporting the specific approach. In crowdfunding three types of participants can be identified: ‘the creators, the funders and the online platform’ (Danmayr, 2013, p.18). Crowdfunding involves in two, key,

Textual Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 6

Textual Analysis - Essay Example In this essay, there is a detailed textual analysis of the themes of two fictional writings, which are â€Å"The Ingrate† by Paul Laurence Dunbar and â€Å"Albert and Esene† by Frances Khirallah Noble. The analysis is taken through four major steps, all of which tries to throw more light on the themes of the two stories in a comparative and contrasting manner. In the first step, there is focus on the main themes displayed in the two texts, whiles the second step looks at how the element of fiction was used to display the themes conveyed in the texts. There is then a discussion on why and how the elements of fiction were used to illustrate the themes, before delving into the effectiveness of the themes and elements of fiction as they reflect the meaning of the texts. Reading through both texts, one gets the understanding that both works focus on the theme of human reception of love. This comparative similarity notwithstanding, there were different approaches by which the theme of human reception of love was presented in each work. The differences in approach of presentation are what formed the major contrasting point in the two texts. As far as â€Å"The Ingrate† is concerned, the writer uses the story of Mr. Lecker who was a master and his slave, Josh to depict that humans can receive love in an ungrateful and deceptive manner. This is because having tried his best to live his slave well and even considered educating the slave in how to read and write, Mr. Lecker was repaid with and escape by the slave after the slave became empowered (Dunbar, 145). On the other hand, human reception of love was treated as one that be rewarding and accommodating as the wife of Albert, Esene shows maximum appreciation for the efforts her husband took to e mpowering her by teaching her to read and write. At least this was done to surprise all those who did not believe Esene could do this (Noble, p. 164). To exemplify how contrasting the theme of human reception of

Article Review of Terrorism, Airport Security, and the Private Sector Essay

Article Review of Terrorism, Airport Security, and the Private Sector - Essay Example However, subsequent to the attack, the government instituted a federalized security system. The present system characterized by tightened security is, however, more expensive and must be assessed in terms of its overall cost effectiveness compared to a public-private approach to security. This paper will provide a succinct review of Seidenstat’s article â€Å"Terrorism, Airport and the Private Sector†. The September 11, 2001 tragedy occurred when hijacked airplanes were smashed into massive buildings in the US. This attack elicited great concern for airport security, which had long been a joint initiative between the private and public sector in the US. The attack laid emphasis on pubic operations within the country’s airports, causing the reassessment of best practices with regard to airport security in order to deter terrorist attacks. The process of the airport security system included screening of passengers and luggage for explosives and weapons, checking of baggage and cargo for explosives, management of admission to secure air operations regions, clearing, as well as badging of personnel with admission to restricted areas in the aircraft of airport and deployment of air marshals on domestic flights (Seidenstat, 2004). However, these security functions were marred by major glitches that deterred effectiveness. Areas of weaknesses included controls for airport access and passenger and carry-on luggage screening. For instance, in 1987, FAA tests showed that screeners missed at least 20% of the potentially perilous objects it utilized in the tests. Some of the reasons behind the ineffective airport security system included the limitations of the stakeholders; the FAA, airports and the airlines, which made the events of September 11 quite easy. For instance, the laws were ineffectively managed deterring effective oversight of airport security. The fragmented system also failed to assign responsibility, thereby giving way for gaps in effec tive security management, for instance, enabling passengers smuggle weapons on board. Moreover, the erratic nature of communication between the FAA and the institutions under its mandate also worsened the security crisis. According to Seidenstat (2004) underinvestment in security was also to blame for the inconsistency experienced in airport security; for instance, airlines and airports considered the added costs of tightened security as unjustifiable in the business milieu. Their profit considerations hampered their adoption of tightened airport security. Even private firms that contracted airport security services were forced to keep their costs low in order to be awarded contracts; consequently, the services provided were also insufficient since tightened security typically requires hefty expenditures, which airlines and airports were unwilling to cover. However, after 9/11, the face of airport security has improved as the legislative and executive arms of the government moved sp eedily to revamp airport security systems to heighten their security level. This involved upgrading the existing system by requiring airlines to improve their security contracts with private security firms and requiring the FAA to enforce stringent screening standards. A major recommendation was altering the focal point of security control to airport managers so as to achieve a fully integrated system, but this system may not

Imaginary company's acquisition Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Imaginary company's acquisition - Assignment Example The acquisition represents a main source of change for Strawn Services because it shows the organization’s desire to change in order to survive and even prosper (DePamphilis, 2011). To carry out a successful acquisition, proper planning remains an essential aspect because it involves identifying the best features that both companies can contribute in generating a culture for the new company. Currently, worldwide competition and the desire to influence advantage propel organizations to combine resources through acquisition and mergers. Nevertheless, although acquisition may be propelled by various requirements, the main objective entails increasing their size as well as the capacity to grow. Efficiency in function is essential in promoting survival and sustainability, which drives the search for ways of extracting optimal profitability making acquisitions and mergers viable options as indicated by Strawn Services. In overcoming challenges, Strawn Services in its merger tries to exploit synergies that exist between the two organizations resulting in sharing of management expertise and increasing the financial base thaw old allow the organization to access additio nal capital resources (DePamphilis,

Cardiac Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cardiac Care - Essay Example d these are: 1) to restart the heart as quickly as possible, and to start cooling as early as possible, and 2) transport patients to a single-specialized post-resuscitation facility in hopes of preserving their brains. It was known typically that in EMS system, cooling begins after return of spontaneous circulation or ROSC. However, it was recently discovered that patients are cooled as resuscitation attempts occur, and receive a broad complement of additional therapies and support both pre-hospitalization and in hospital as studied by Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center. Chairman of VCUs Department of Emergency Medicine and medical director of the Richmond Ambulance Authority, Joseph Oranto, MD, had explained the motivation with such approach. He said â€Å""Our approach was to do something a bit different.† He had explained the need for early cooling as part of EMS based on his conducted study. He had stated, "The basis is animal data that pretty consistently suggests that the earlier you initiate cooling, particularly during the resuscitation process, the more likely you are to get a good neurologic outcome." Ornate pointed out even though the early studies to prove that the spontaneous circulation had improved the chance of survival had been failed, he is taking chances with the EMS approach of cooling early will be absolutely proven to be beneficial for the patients. As the time the article was written, they are still at the early stage of application of cooling early after ROSC. 1) Good quality CPR that includes automated chest compressions and interposed ventilations. This is being performed for 2 to 3 minutes before the rhythm is determined and should not be stopped during defibrillation. 3) Cooling is achieved with 4 °C saline when drugs had restarted the heart. This is a treatment in which vasopressin and epinephrine are being alternately used. Drugs are given IO whenever IV is not able to achieve in its initial pass. During the

Report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Lab Report Example However some technical problems such as weight of the arm and unforeseen parameters of the robot going out of the maze were encountered in execution of the project. The objective of the project is to enable a robot to look for a ball and pick it up while avoiding black lines. The goal is divided into a logical sequence that enables the robot to achieve its goal. The sequence flow is as follows. The necessary parameters for the robot are set, these include the sensors and motors that enable the robot to move. The robot then looks for a ball. It then estimates and determines the distance to the ball. It moves through the distance and then picks up the ball. The robot does all this while avoiding the black lines using the accompanying sensor light. Robotics programming is a developing technology that utilizes principles from varying fields of science. These include mechatronics, electrical engineering, psychology and computer science .The merging of these fields of study produces the fi ctionalized concept of a robot that has intellect and a nature of its own and works hand in hand with man. Creation of robots from the programming aspects to the development of the mechanical parts has a very diverse effect on man-kind than any other technology that has come about. Robotics poses different arguments from a range of different perspectives that affects human beings. These effects are experienced in global, societal, economic and environmental views that determine the advancement and integration of robotic technology in day to day human lives. These aspects have raised arguments and debates in these fields that have seldom been settled. Advancement in robotics is only brought about by regarding these aspects in humanity. As with every technology, the economic aspect is highly regarded. The robotics project’s possibility of making work easier for people and at the same time improving the livelihoods of the same people is the most important part of the economic vi ew of new technology. Robotics programming has many varied views both positive and negative with regard to the effects and results of robotic technology. Positive aspects of robotic engineering within industrial and commercial aspects include automation of manufacturing, easing the hard labour for people and speeding up the process of delivery of products to the market. Robotic automotive technology and application of mechatronics principles can also improve the creation of safety systems especially in cars which can automatically and intelligently detect dangerous situations and react accordingly (Schweitzer,2). This helps save lives. However with the integration of robotics, the most negative economic aspect is the replacement of human beings by robots. This increases cases of unemployment and thus making robotics technology highly unpopular among operational and technically skilled people. Thus the development of intelligent machines is highly limited to jobs that human beings ca nnot do or will not do and also be based on a foundation of no competition with human beings(Schweitzer,5). The machines should be able to assist and not remove people from work. Robots built for services to people such as robots for lawn mowing and cleaning are beneficial to people as they speed up these services. The economic view more or less dictates the advancement of robotic technology. If it does not improve the lives of people and merely takes their jobs away and replacing them, it would be highly unlikely for the robots

Organizational Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organizational Culture - Essay Example Often the organizational culture is characterized as having three phases; behavior and artifacts, values, and assumptions and beliefs (‘Strategic Leadership and Decision Making’). Organizational culture has great influence on the streamlined decision making process. To illustrate, in a centralized organizational structure, the decision making power is vested in the hand of top level management. On the other hand, in decentralized organizational structures, the decision making power is distributed as down as possible to the first phase of chain of command. The organizational culture provides the members of a firm with meaning and regulations for behaving within the organization. In the same way, a firm’s history together with unwritten rules also constitutes a significant part of its culture. On the other hand, some organizational cultures are so strong that they dictate the character of the whole firm. The organizational culture has the power to influence the deci sion making as it articulates informally through direct and indirect statements what the management wishes. The culture, sometimes, consists of explicit statements of values, beliefs, and customs got from top-level managements. Strategic Transition Strategy can be defined as the overarching goals and objectives of a business. The strategy decisions of a company affect its line of business and its internal operations. It is much difficult to predict exactly what happens when the organization alters its strategy. However, organizations come across some positive and negative effects when undertaking a strategic change. Importance Organizational strategy controls all managerial decisions from the front line to the board room. Strategic policies play the important role of guidelines to the owners and top-level management in achieving their grand expectations in a more practical way. Changing the strategy of an organization can alter the manner and mode which the organization operates in, affecting everything from organizational structure to the daily practices of employees. Process The process of a corporate strategic transition by an organization can be divided into four distinct steps such as planning, implementing, monitoring, and review. At the planning process, the executives set a strategic vision with concrete and time-bound objectives and aims. Suitable research and testing must be carried out at this stage to make sure the viability of the change. At the implementations stage, the changes must be put into action in accordance with the plan. The monitoring stage includes a continual process of supervising and examining that the plans are working. Finally, the review phase analyzes the progress of the working of the plan and decides whether the changes must be sustained or changed yet again. Positive Effects Changing the strategy of an organization can result in several positive effects. New strategic guidelines help an organization to easily acclimatize to the changing environments of the marketplace. New business strategies assist a company to execute its business more effectively and cost efficiently. They help a company to invest into a new, more profitable trade or market segment. Besides, with the help of changes in the strategy, a stagnant company can retrieve its earlier growth rates. Negative Effects However, all the effects are not positive and there are negative effects too. Organizations face the major issue of resistance from the internal employees against implementing effective strategic changes. There are certain people who strongly oppose any kind of alterations to the status quo or to their daily practices. In the same way, there are also chances for an organization t

The book Swallows and Amazons by Arthur Ransome Essay Example for Free

The book Swallows and Amazons by Arthur Ransome Essay I have read the book Swallows and Amazons by Arthur Ransome. It is a childrens adventure story in the period between the two world wars featuring the Walker and Blackett children, their families, and other inhabitants of the area around the Lake District in the northeast of England. A childrens camping and sailing story, it grasps the mind of the readers firmly although it is not fantasy and has a background of reality, through the interesting leisure activities and fascinating plot. The story begins with four Walkers, John, Susan, Titty and Roger, who are on holiday, borrowing a dinghy called the Swallow and going camping on a lake island, which they name Wild Cat Island. But they are soon challenged by the Blackett girls Nancy and Peggy (real names Ruth and Margaret), on the boat Amazon, who claim ownership to the island. After a short quarrel, they decide to form an alliance against the unfriendly houseboat man and ex-pirate, Captain Flint (in reality, James Turner) who is also the Amazons uncle. After a brief battle to decide the flagship, they attack Captain Flint and claim victory. Captain Flint becomes friendly again and the younger Swallows help Mr. Turner find his stolen treasure. The story ends with the departure of the Swallows back home. The part I found most interesting in this book is Titty, the third of the Walkers and able-seaman, staying alone in the island for the night while the others went on an expedition and capturing the Amazon. First, I was very impressed at her choice to guard the island. Most people, especially children, do not like being left alone and would have normally chosen to be in the thick of the action with the others going up the Amazon River, but such was her love of the island that she wanted to guard it in the dark. She also imagined herself as Robinson Crusoe stranded on a desert island but in the opposite of what the real Robinson Crusoe thinks in the book, she thought that he ought to have wished to stay on it forever. I was totally captured by her imaginativeness and love of nature. Secondly, although she was fooled unawares by the Amazons, she did not lose her head but stayed calm and in a superb action of dynamic circulation of mind, succeeded in capturing the Amazon by counter-using their plan and finally won victory for the Swallows, whom, had it not been for her, would have lost the battle. The art of keeping a cool head in an emergency is one of the most important virtues of life and I admire her very much for that. This talent is something I have always lacked, not that I ever found myself in a real emergency, and I must try to raise the ability of calm and dynamic thinking to overturn my inferior situation. In reading this whole book, I found the character that resembles me most Roger, the youngest of the Swallows. He is still a young boy of seven and unlike the others, who are quite mature for their young ages, has childish characters such as fearing the dark although he tries to fill in with his older siblings as adventurous youths. I have wondered when I would become all that brave and fearless like my father and other male adults. I have come to a conclusion that I must try to make change within myself, not only think that I deserve change for nothing. Roger took part in all the adventures and in the end, I might say that he achieved quite an improvement in his level of maturity through his adventures by participating and trying to really enjoy them, abandoning his traces of childishness. I hope that I will have a chance soon to grow up from the inside, which I shall embrace with open arms. I think what this book is trying to tell readers is that the flow of life, however seemingly rough and irregular, always has a constantness about it and that if you will something a lot and try hard, everything shall end well through the victory of the Swallows against the Amazons, the allied children triumphing above Captain Flint, everybody becoming friends, and everything resolving itself well. This, I think, can be applied in the same way with personal relationships. I have seen the Swallows and the Amazons finally become friends, and Mr. Turner making it up again with his nieces. It is the same in my daily life: I have a little crack in my relations with my parents due to my misbehaviors, but we always find back our good relationships. Reading this book will have effects on my future life. It has helped me to try to become a more mature person and to have more hope in things, but not to ask for good things without trying. This was also quite a new kind of book to me. Up to now, I had not yet read a realistic adventure story like this book. Also, the subjects of camping and sailing were quite new to me and I had difficulties understanding the specific vocabulary about tents and boats. But this experience of reading Swallows and Amazons, I believe, will help me very much in reading other books about similar topics. I enjoyed very much this book and would like to read the later books in the series also. *I wrote this book report in January 2009 after having read the book Swallows and Amazons by Arthur Ransome (1930).

Texting and Driving Essay Example for Free

Texting and Driving Essay Texting while driving is the act of composing, sending, reading text messages, email while driving. (Wikipedia) The age group with the greatest proportion of distracted drivers was the under-20 age group. (2009,NHTSA) With todays technology teenagers feel the need to be connected to their friends at all time. Even the simplest of conversations become extremely important due to the fact that they feel like they need to be talking twenty four seven. Texting and driving is so common that it increases the chances of having an accident at any moment no matter how much control you think you have over whats happening, not only can it increase accidents but you can also harm yourself and others, and just when you think thats all that can happen I tell you that you can kill too. So unless you plan on being someones bitch in jail, I suggest you educate yourself a little on the wrong that you are doing. Just think to yourself Is this conversation really that important? The answer should always be no. Five seconds are the average time your eyes are off the road while texting, when traveling at 55mph, thats enough to cover the length of an entire football field. (2009,VTTI) Thats also enough time to get into a severe car accident. Many people realize the risk they are taking by texting and driving, but they seem to not care, seeing as how their phone is always in the palm of their hands, and theyre paying more attention to it than their driving and surroundings. Forty nine percent of drivers under the age of 35 send or read text messages while driving. (2011, Harris Poll) Thats an extremely high percentage, and any one of those people could cause the biggest collision youve ever seen in your entire life, in a matter of seconds. When youre texting and driving, y oure reaction time is significantly decreased, so those five seconds you used to look at your phone, you couldve used to notice that cars were beginning to brake, and you shouldve too.Congratulations, youve just been in an accident. Now, not only has your car insurance sky rocketed because the collision is your fault, but your medical bill and lawsuit will be a lot too. So, is that text still important to you? In an accident you always risk hurting yourself, and the person in the other car. You see the paramedics hovering you as you slowly open your eyes, you dont remember what happened, so naturally you ask one of them what it was that happened. You got into an accident sir. Well whos the one who caused it? You are, sir. You were texting and didnt stop. Youre now on your way to the hospital with what may be a broken leg because you couldnt wait. Thirty five percent of teens who drive while distracted dont think they get hurt. (2010, AAA and seventeen magazine) To me, driving is serious. My cousin died in a car accident in 2004, and i dont like risking my safety over a text message that could wait, because I know I could get hurt at any second. Not only am I concerned with my safety, and not only should you be concerned with yours. Fact is, teenagers are usually with their friends, driving to the mall, or a party, so you should also be concerned with their safety. Their lives are in your hands, and their medical bill. I dont know about you, but I dont plan on paying a thousand or more on someones injury, when it couldve been avoided by waiting. I like my bones and limbs in tact, and Im pretty sure that i speak for everyone when i say that. Given the choice, we would never want to break or lose them. Twenty two percent of teens who drive wh ile distracted say it makes driving less boring. (2010, AAA and seventeen magazine) Driving isnt supposed to be exciting, youre supposed to take it seriously. Your safety is at risk!!!! No wonder the older generation looks down on us in shame, and thinks were electronic dependent idiots. Distracted driving is the number one killer of American teens. Alcohol- related accidents among teens have dropped, but teenage traffic fatalities have remained unchanged because distracted driving is on the rise. (2007, Childrens hospital of Philadelphia and State Farm insurance study and NHTSA study) How is it that texting and driving hasnt been made completely illegal everywhere in the United States?! I am completely outraged! If it is killing as many teens as drinking and driving would, then wouldnt common sense tell you to make it illegal? Not only are they risking their own lives, but they are risking everyone elses in the car, family and friends. How would you be able to live with yourself kn owing that you killed your mom or you best friend in a car accident because you were texting K or some worthless text message? Or what if youre texting and you dont notice that innocent twelve year old boy crossing the road, and you run over him? next thing you know, youre paying his funeral, and time in prison. You better hope theres no death penalty in your state, because if I were the mother of that child, Id be pushing for it. How would you be able to live with the fact that you took that innocent childs life?! How you took that mothers reason to breathe away? What would you family have to say about this? Did the not teach you better? Youd have a lot of time to reflect on all of this in prison. Dont give me that this is too much punishment speech, because if the situation were vice versa youd be waning the same amount of punishment, or worst. Texting and driving does cause accidents and some worst than drunk driving accidents, those accidents can lead to major injuries for you and/or the people in the car with you, and not only injuries but you can cause fatalities to people in your car, the other car, or pedestrians. So, another set of bills youll have to pay to add to your stress, due to an accident†¦. awesome! How do you feel about possibly amputating a ligament due to major blood loss or trauma, because of your text? Yeah, I dont like that idea either. Prison? Id rather stay out of it by not texting and driving and avoiding killing someone else. Dont think about the person on the other side of the phone when driving, think b out how youll be the one paying for everything: Physically, emotionally, and mentally. They wont be thinking about you in your time of struggle. Texting can wait.

The Restaurant Industry Today Marketing Essay

The Restaurant Industry Today Marketing Essay Restaurants are one of the most highly regulated businesses today. The nature of the project is starting a new Asian restaurant in North West London. We decided to open the new restaurant in Wembley central. According to the National Restaurant Association, the restaurant industry sales are expected to reach a record $537 billion in 2007 and they have estimated that there are approximately 935,000 restaurant-and-food service centres. Firstly we need to do first business plan in order to open a new restaurant. Project objectives Opening up a new Restaurant in Wembley central area will meet the following set of objectives: Achievement of companys objective which includes maximisation of shareholders wealth. Fulfil its growth organically. Accomplishing customers requirement such as easy access to our stores and good customer services. Industry Analysis Although the restaurant industry is very competitive and as the number of people have less time, resources, and ability to cook for them it is important that the restaurant is well positioned for the current interest and people get healthier foods at moderate to low prices. The Restaurant Industry Today The food service business is one of the third largest industries in the country. It accounts for more than $240 billion sales annually. The independent restaurant accounts for 15% of that total. According to a survey the average American spends 15% of his/her income on meals eating away from home. This number has been increasing for the past seven years. In the last five years the restaurant industry has out-performed the national GNP by more than 40%.Due to the change in people lifestyles, economic climate, and due to the increase in the variety of products there are more than 600 restaurants opening every month and over 200 more needed to keep pace with increasing demand. Future Trends Strategic Opportunities The predicated expansion movement is very positive both in short and long-term projections. Folkney states again that as modern living creates more demands, people will be forced to eat more meals away from home. According to the DMR Industrial Report (April 1995) estimates this as high as 30% over the next five years. According to the National Restaurant organization (1998) released that how the Foodservice industry might look in the year 2000. Some highlights from the panels findings are as follows: Consumers will spend a superior quantity of their food dollar away from home. Independent operator and entrepreneurs will be the main source of new eating place concept. Food concern will be critical at all types of foodservice operations, and food flavour will be of greater significance. Ecological concerns will receive increased interest. Feasibility Study Financial Feasibility A Financial Feasibility study is an estimation of the financial aspects of something. This project has been assessed in terms of its financial feasibility and it feasibility in terms of cost and benefit analysis. The benefit that can be derived from this project and will outweighs it initial cost. Taking into account performance of restaurant with similar size in Wembley area, I have used those performances as to project the expected cash flows where on average they both produce  £10,000 per week. Operational Feasibility I recommend that this restaurant will be able to achieved these targeted payback period of five months to make back the initial investment. This analysis has been shown below: Revenue per month:  £78,350/5 =  £15,670 Revenue per staff per operating hours:  £78,350/ (10*8) =  £980 as part of company training policy, all staff will be well trained to deliver excellent customer service standard. Revenue per week:  £15,670/5 = £3,134 Social and Environment Feasibility I have undertaken a market a market research and environment scanning to ascertain whether there will be interest on our restaurant, what is the demographic settlement like in terms of food. My study indicated that most people will like our food because we will provide different kind of variety. Timescale In order to open a restaurant, we need to prepare business plan first. It will take around 1 month. About finding location and finding restaurant name will take 1 month. Finance the business will take 2 month because sometimes it takes time. Installation of electricity and equipment will take also 1 to 2 month. And last we need to obtain business licence. Task-1.2 SWOT Analysis SWOT Analysis is a tactical preparation process used to evaluate the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats involved in a project or in a business venture. It involves specifying the purpose of the business course or project and identifies the internal and external factors that are favourable and unfavourable for achieving the business objective. Strengths Brand equity The Restaurant location ( Wembley area ) Reliability of food Consumers choice at reasonable value and great service Cheaper price than others We have take-away option Different menu items Weakness Quality and taste of products Our restaurant is new and not established Our restaurant has poor disabled facilities Limited funds Opportunities A new office complex is being built near by A new housing development is planned Threats The high street brand is moving into the area A main competitor has lowered their prices Our operational costs are set to boost PEST Analysis A PEST analysis stands for Political, Economic, Social, and Technological analysis and describes a framework of macro-environmental factors used in the environmental scanning component of strategic management. Political Factors This relates to direct impact of political influences and it impacts our project. In the case of this project local council will support to our business because it will create jobs as well as optimize councils tax revenue. Especially creating job is a major priority for the national government so they will be in support of the project. And also there will be less political risk that will affect this project such as government rejection of the propose moved, increased in tax at present time in very unlikely. Economic Factors The general economic environment shows that spending level among some people individual will fall due to difficulty in gaining credit but most young people with relative disposable income can at least spend and these are the people we are targeting. Social Factors Social factors mainly include the educational aspects and include health consciousness, population growth rate, age distribution, career attitudes and emphasis on safety. In this area I have undertaken a market research and environment scanning to ascertain whether there will be interest on our restaurant food. My study indicated that most people are Asian in Wembley area and will be interested in our Asian. . Technological Factors A technological factor includes the ecological and environmental aspects, such as RD activity, automation, technology incentives and the rate of technological change. Here the impact of technological changes which we already possessed will help the company to gain competitive advantages such as e-commerce. Stakeholder Analysis A Stakeholder Analysis is a essential tool for identifying those people, groups and organisations that have significant and genuine interests in a specific urban issue. Clear understanding of the likely roles and contributions of the many different stakeholders is a original condition for a successful participatory urban Governance process, and stakeholder analysis is a basic tool for achieving this understanding. The Stakeholders are; Customers Suppliers Employees Shareholders Customers Each of the stakeholders will have different expectation of an organisation. They try to engage with customers. They provide sales information, monthly monitoring of views. Their customer question time meeting help to identify and respond to changing customers needs. Suppliers The relationship of interests between an organisation and its suppliers can be seen as very similar to that between the organisation and its customers, but reversed. They do regular visits, meeting and discussions with suppliers. They have direct relationships with important raw material suppliers. Suppliers stock the business with all its business supplies. Suppliers may want an increase in wages. Suppliers have an interest in ongoing and mutually beneficial business relationships, and they expect to be paid on time. Employees The Company try to engage with employees. They have many ways such as internal communications including an employee magazine and regular business updates. Employees many want an increase in pay rise. Staffs have a very big interest in the business in the form of wages, bonuses, discounts and holidays pensions. Employees interests may be seen as the assertion of certain rights deriving from what is seen to be acceptable in the way in which employees are treated within society. Shareholders The Company have shareholders. They do collection of feedback questions from individual shareholders. Shareholders are the owners of a company. Their only real involvement in the organisation will be at the Annual General Meeting, when they are called upon to approve, by a vote, the overall direction of the organisation and the senior management team responsible for achieving that direction. Oftentimes, the only difference between floating and drowning is the direction. Without the restaurant financial analysis, a restaurant may be face downwards without even knowing it. A restaurant financial analysis analyzes routine metrics such as profits and losses, cash flow, cost of sales and cost of labour. By assessing this data, operators can evaluate their finances and establish systems and structures to keep their restaurant a float. Restaurant financial analysis performance metrics Profits and losses Whether we are produced monthly or weekly, profit and loss statements give restaurant operators a broad overview of their sales history. But the information only becomes useful when broken down to reflect the cost of sales, cost of labour and other overhead costs. Restaurant financial analyses assess the profits and losses With a vital eye to settle on specific areas taht should be improved upon. . Cost of sales A restaurants cost of sales, sometimes referred to as cost of goods, is the sum of all expenses associated with producing the menu items. Should food costs be running at 20 percent or 40 percent? The answer can vary depending on A restaurants positioning (fast casual, casual or upscale) and menu mix. Restaurant financial analysis can help operator decide where their cost of sales should be by building academic food and beverage costs. Cost of labour Cost of labour is another donor to cost of sales. A fine line exists between overstaffing a Restaurant and scheduling enough employees to run a restaurant effectively. Sensible setting up and employee output are the best ways to control cost of labour. In addition, tools should be available to assess mid-shift needs. Many restaurateurs are unwilling to phase out employees in a timely fashion. Restaurant financial analysis can re-examine payroll reports, sales reports and customer counts to optimize Scheduling and productivity and decrease cost of labour. When to undergo restaurant financial analysis Opening a new restaurant When opening a restaurant, restaurateurs can make use of financial analysis to forecast their success. A restaurant financial consultant can sketch a five-year plan and financial forecast based on industry and division standards. Financial analysis can also be used to establish financial systems for a new restaurant. Wheels for cash handling, inventory, payroll and daily sales reconciliations should best established well in advance of a restaurant opening. By implementing these systems early in the game, a restaurant can effectively monitor them, giving it a greater chance of succeeding financially. Purchasing an existing restaurant Before the purchase of an existing eating place concept, restaurateurs should conduct financial analysis and feasibility studies to determine the productivity probable of the operation. This can be sketchy by evaluating pattern and trend in the restaurants past presentation and estimate the effect of probable changes. Running an operating restaurant Restaurant financial analysis is not just for new operations. Generally, it is most beneficial for restaurants already in operation. Whether a restaurant has been in business for a year or 20, financial analysis can help identify losses and hidden costs. That information will help establish proper financial systems or process existing ones to keep money from slipping through the crack. Who can perform a restaurant financial analysis? Restaurant financial analysis shouldnt be performed by just any financial consultant. It is best to work with consultants that specialize within the restaurant industry. The main goal of restaurant financial analysis is to help operator understand how their restaurant can become more profitable. A restaurant-specific consultant can explain the analysis course and their findings in terms that restaurant operators will know. A financial consultant will know the aim routine metrics for specific restaurant categories and the industry as a whole. They can provide guidance for the selection and performance of point-of-sale and accounting systems and show operators how to get best results from these systems. A financial consultant can help eating place operators build the necessary tools to pull and analyze their own financial reports. Eventually, financial analysis should be ongoing, becoming an everyday part of a restaurants thinking. Restaurant financial analysis doesnt just keep a restaurant floating, it helps their business fly. Task-1.3 Market Competitively and Activity This project will fit the business strategic of the restaurant because it will help gain competitive advantage, create new market for potential customers, gain market share in as well as responding to changes in business environment, increase profitability, establish local branch, obtaining new customers, expansion of business and improve companys image which could be achieved since there is an existing market gap which we can fill via Ansoffs matrix. Marketing Analysis shows that this project will make the business more competitive in the following ways: Demographic population: In west London area, the population is very high. There are many Asian restaurants available in the area. And the all restaurants provide good services and good food. Food variety: The social society will be interested in our food because we will provide variety in the food along with music. Market gap: the economic feasibility have highlighted that our competitors are doing well in these area. Industry Trends Studying industry trends is one of the first steps in conducting a market analysis. It will help you recognize opportunity and threats in the industry that may affect your productivity. Consider the following Food Service Industry 2000 Trends, reported by the National Restaurant Association: Consumers will spend a greater portion of their food dollars away from home; Competition in the food service industry will be more intense as growth continues; Major food service chains will increase their shares of both sales and units; Independent operators will be the main source of new restaurant concepts; Nutritional concerns will be critical at all types of food service operations; and Service will become a more important point of differentiation. Industry Tends Checklists: Growth in Industry Sales Quick-service vs. table-service Chain vs. Independent Types of restaurants (steakhouses, ethnic) Catering Deli, bakery and takeout operations Monthly/seasonal dining out patterns Industry sales outlook Market Demand Economic trends Consumer confidence Demographic trends Food away from home trends Factors that motivate one to dine out Eating habits of different market segments Menu Preferences Appetizers/soups Entrees Sandwiches Desserts Nutritional concerns Menu pricing Alcoholic beverage consumption Vegetarian trends Restaurant Success Factors New and popular concepts/themes Customer service innovations Pricing practices Food production methods Labour saving techniques Debt-to-Sales ratios and other statistics Legislative and Regulatory Issues Business meal tax deductibility Health insurance Wage and hour requirements Americans with Disabilities Act Competition:- This is restaurant in the area is very good because in this area almost Indian and mix people living. So restaurant is also provide verity of foods and dices serve. But in our restaurant totally different from other like blue ginger, Panther, Tikka world, Bombay bits etc .these all are our competitors but we provide best services, best food, best drinks so automatically our restaurant beet our restaurant . Competitive Strategy There are three major ways in which we will create an advantage over our competitors; product identity, quality, and novelty high employee motivation and good sales attitude Innovative and aggressive service options The restaurant will be the only restaurant among all the competition which focuses the entire menu on healthy, low-fat cooking. Each of the competitors offers at least one healthy selection on their menu. The target market will perceive the restaurant as the destination location for healthy, low-fat cooking. The main points are Pricing, Location, Reputation, Image/Brand, Choice/Variety, Service and Atmosphere. References www.essortment.com (12th June 2010 ) www.awib.org (12th June 2010 ) www.mplans.com (12th June 2010 ) www.virtualrestaurant.com (12th June 2010 ) http://www.bplans.co.uk/steak_buffet_restaurant_business_plan/financial_plan_fc.cfm (12th June 2010 Part 2 Task 2.1 Resources Materials: Rented property from an individual landlord in west London as a perfect location for the new restaurant to be open, this is critical factor in terms of visibility and easy access of the restaurant for our customers. Equipments: Different kinds of restaurant will require different kinds of equipment. Typically equipment needed to open a restaurant includes a service kitchen (oven, microwave, heat lamps, prep tables and dish washer, fryers, boilers, refrigerators (table, chairs, spoon, glasses and cash registers). Labour: Ten staff normal standard hours (8 hours per day) and contractors the fixed day of work for one month. Finance: Most banks and lenders require you to put some of your own money into the business and contrary to popular belief, they do lend money for businesses. The project financed can be source from long term borrowing from bank in Iceland of  £50,000 to finance the project deliverables. Cost Associated With Resources These are one-off capital cost required immediately to deliver project deliverables. Materials: property rent in west London area will requires a normal rental agreement with the landlord. A deposit of  £15,550 plus one months rent in advance including council tax will be require total  £32,350. Equipments: Kitchen equipment will cost  £10,000, boiler will cost  £2000, till and it maintenance will cost  £12000 and general things e.g. tables, chairs will coat  £8000. Labour: External contractors for refurbishment are expected at  £12,500 this will includes: electrician, refurbishing the restaurant and painting the restaurant. Sources of Finance The project financed can be source from long term borrowing from bank of  £78,350 to finance the project deliverables. They could be approach on the based that this project will recoup its initial investment within four months time; and that revenue generate can be used to pay of principal loan plus interest. Budget for the Project This project has been budgeted on the grounds of Zero based budgeting which involves identification of tasks to be performed and then funding resources to complete the task independent of current resourcing it ensure that resources are efficiently allocated. The project budgets have been made on this bases with each cost justify in terms of their usage in the project: Resources  £ Cost Rent 16,800 Total 16,800 Resources  £ Cost Deposite 15,550 Equipments 32,000 Labour 12,500 Miscellaneous expenses 1,500 Total 61,550 Cost Benefit Analysis Cost Benefit Analysis is classically used by governments to assess the attraction of a given interference; it is an analysis of the cost success of different alternative in order to see whether the benefits outweigh the costs. The aim is to gauge the competence of the involvement relative to the status quo. The costs and benefits of the impacts of interference are evaluated in terms of the publics willingness to pay for them (benefits) or willingness to pay to avoid them (costs). Inputs are typically measured in terms of opportunity costs the value in their best alternative use. The guide attitude is to list all of the parties affected by an intervention, and place a monetary value of the outcome it has on their benefit as it would be valued by them. Years 0 1 2 3 Present value 78,350 3,90,180 1,090,860 1,072,163 Probability 50% 50% 50% Certainty equivalent 1,95,090 5,45,430 5,36,082 D.F 9% 1.000 0.880 0.945 0.820 Present value (75,000) 1,71,679 5,15,431 4,39,587 NPV  £10,51,697 The project is viable because it will yields to shareholder wealth conception of about  £2.01 million in three years time. However incorporate rick to the cash flows using certainty equal, and for the fact that current economic climate in terms of expenses will affect all industries, I am certain that the 50% of the cash flows will be generate in each of the years. This is show below: One time investment Budget Overview    Sources of Funds Proposed Loan from Bank  £100,000 Uses of Funds Construction  £65,000 Walk-in Refrigerator  £10,000 Cooler for Beverages  £5,000 Stove oven  £5,000 Deep Fryer  £4,000 Two sinks for Kitchen  £1,000 Microwave  £500 Toaster  £100 Cash Register  £400 Furniture  £7,000 Dinnerware  £1,000 Pots and Pans  £1,000 Plan by Month or Period Most of the restaurants use a scheme of 12-month or 13 four-week periods to way their yearly accounts. By infringement the budget down into these types of sections, it is easier to see when money is moving in and out of the eating place. Anticipate Your Costs In the eating place, budget is often a game of evaluation costs and income. In fact, a budget is much like a profit and loss (PL) account extended over a longer period of time. Be set to account for the following costs in your yearly budget: Rent or mortgage payments Taxes Insurance Labour/payroll Utilities Loan payments Operational supplies Repairs and maintenance Marketing Training Food service professional recommend that you plan to spend about 30 percent of your budget on food, 25 percent on labour, 10 percent on rent or advance, and 3 percent on utilities.1 The rest goes in small part to operational charge, promotion, taxes, continuation and other patchy costs. These are purely sketchy plan to follow, as every restaurants payment and budget are different. Look below for a graphical image of these suggested expenditures: Know Your Breakeven Point The cope point is the volume of sale needed to cover all charge without making a profit. It is the bare least amount amount of sales the restaurant process needs to bring in to survive. It is central to know your restaurant breakeven point so that future monetary decisions can be made in hopes of making a reasonable profit. Analyze Your Financials Every Period Exploratory your PL and your budget on a weekly and monthly basis will help you keep your bases covered in terms of realize your payment and income. Appraise your budget operational payment and your actual expenses, as well as the net profit you expected and what your eating place actually made. Make a note of any areas in which your expenses exceed your budget amount. When budgeting for the year, especially if you are doing so for the first time, it helps to have a budget worksheet. Download a sample budget worksheet to your own back office computer. Cost of Goods Sold The cost of goods sold was strong-minded by taking actual Profit and Loss statement from various eating place concepts and then using our price structure and guest counts to arrive at costs. Management Payroll Figures are based upon the use of five managers per unit at our maximum bonus and salary levels. If we use four managers per restaurant, this will lower our payroll. Fixed and Variable Expenses The various fixed and variable expenses were determined by taking actual numbers from several different restaurant concepts. Marketing Fees These funds will be used for the production of various marketing materials. Advertising These funds will be used, if necessary, to maintain our sales at projected levels. If we are management appreciably ahead of our sales projection, then these funds may not be necessary. Management Fees We will use these pounds for accounting and payroll services of our firm. As we grow in size, this cost burden will shrink per store due to efficiencies in volume. Important Assumptions The financial plan depends on important assumption, most of which are revealed in the following table as annual assumption. The journal assumptions are included in the annotation. Interest rates, tax rates, and personnel burden are based on traditional assumptions. Some of the more important causal assumption is: We assume a strong economy, without a major recession. We assume, of course, that there are no unforeseen changes in consumers tastes or interests to make our concept less competitive. Task 2.2 Report TO: Management FROM: Project Manager DATE: 20th May 2009 SUBJECT: Staff Development and Training Cost Introduction This report is concerned staff training and development it related cost associated to this project. The company sales force plays a vital role in delivering better customer services and each member have different training needs depending our their position. The companys their future depends on nurturing great individual talent and providing an environment where staff can flourish personally and professionally. Successful training will help to develop the following skills. Deliver excellent customers Well motivated Increase morale Improved job and staff performance. Recruitment takes place from the point when a business decides that it needs to employ somebody up to the point where a pile of completed application forms has arrived in the post. Selections then involve choosing a suitable applicant through a range of ways of organization out suitable candidates leading to interview and other tests. Training involves providing a range of planned performance that enable an employee to develop the skill, attitudes and knowledge required by the organisation and the work required. A job account is also helpful because it sets out: The job description can be sent out to probable candidate along with a person arrangement, which sets out the pleasing and vital description that someone will need to have to be selected to the post. A variety of media will be used to be a magnet for applications e.g. national newspapers for national jobs, and local papers and media for local posts. Objectives of Training and Development The main objective of staff training and development is to improve the qualities of the trainee, formulation of objectives for different needs and ways to achieve it. The training objective is very important because it determine the calculated and content of the training programme. Contents of the training stay put the same no matter the type of training occupied. It is to increase personnel efficiency, professional growth and smooth and more useful organizations operations. Methods of Training and Development On the job training/coaching: This relates to formal training on the job. A worker becomes experienced on the job over time due to modification of job behaviours at the point of training or acquisition of skills. Induction/orientation: This is carried out for new entrants on the job to make them familiar with the total corporate requirements like norms, ethics, values, rules and regulations. Apprenticeship: A method of training where an unskilled person understudies a skilled person. Demonstration: Teaching by example, whereby the skilled worker performs the job and the unskilled closely observes so as to understand the job. Vestibule: This is done through engineering part for the purpose of skills and technology transfer. It is therefore achieve through residency of an individual within anothe

Gender and Underdevelopment in Non-western Societies :: Gender Equality Women Third World Essays

In Western societies women usually hold respectable jobs, the ability to make the choices of having and taking care of the children, cleaning their homes, cooking meals, doing the laundry and, most importantly, are allowed to be seen as an equal in society. In non-western societies women usually hold degrading jobs, deliver and take care of the children, clean their homes, cook meals, do the laundry and are seen as unequal. In Third World countries, women are seen as the poorest of the poor. They are rarely ever given the same opportunities as the women in western countries, or even the ones their own husbands have. There are two main problems which afflict non-western women. The first is the lack of access to productive resources. This means that the women of less developed countries have no capability to possess resources such as land, capital or skills. Land is not available to them because it is considered a male inheritance only. Capital is more accessible than land, due to the recent ability of women to own credit cards. Until recently, though, money was not something women could obtain very easily. Money, like land, is mostly controlled by the males of the society. Skills are not an option to women because it entails schooling which brings up the next difference. Unequal access to education and health care is the last difference. Schooling is not usually offered to women in less developed countries. The rate of illiteracy in women is a considerable amount higher than men. In some countries the rate between illiterate women and men is doubled. Health care is more available for male children. Baby girls often die at birth, either from lack of health care or by murder. The disappointment of the family's newborn being a girl often leads to murder. Male children are seen as more valuable than female children in Third World countries. Violence and injustices also greatly affect non-western women. Female circumcision, polygamy, the ease of divorce and violence against women, as well as the lack of access to productive resources and unequal access to education and health care, plague the women of the less developed countries. For the modernization of these non-western countries women must play a larger role than they do now. Without equality for women less developed countries cannot move forward. These affiliations are severe but they are resolvable. The Grameen Bank is a possible solution.

Whistle or Scream While You Work :: Essays Papers

Whistle or Scream While You Work Life is full of encounters with annoying, horrendous, wretched, irritating, pathetic wastes of human life, and I am in constant contact with them wherever I go. Although I have a choice whether or not I want to deal with these people, I do not have a choice at my place of employment. While working at 9 Ball Joe, a coffee/billiards hall, I am forced to interact with mainly four groups of people; from rowdy, revolting children and useless, pitiable teens, to scheming schoolgirls and bothersome regulars, a line of work seeming so simple is anything but. First and foremost, I am a 19 year-old college student who places value in any chance I get for peace and quiet, thus, babysitting is not my profession of choice. However, on most weekend nights 9 Ball Joe is infested with children between the ages 12-16. They are loud, obnoxious, and in some situations, disrespectful. Unfortunately for me, they have strength in numbers. Because most of them are too young to drive, they often come piled in a van driven by one of their parents. Before entering the building, they feel it is necessary to â€Å"hang out,† or loiter in the parking lot for at least ten minutes, leaving a trail of litter behind. Once in the building, they huddle in a large mass near the entrance door causing messy customer traffic-jams. Because young children are commonly indecisive, fifteen minutes can pass before any decision is made on whether to shoot pool, or to purchase drinks. If they do decide to get drinks, they spend as little as possible (a one drink minimum is policy). Jones Sodas seem to be the beverage of choice since they are cheap, colorful, and sweet. Having to deal with their loud voices and sugar-high theatrics all night is only the beginning of my torture. I am continually left with scads of dishes to clean up after they leave even though our signs clearly read: PLEASE TAKE CARE OF YOUR OWN DISHES. The next breed of 9 Ball-goers consists of 20 year-old high school dropouts who still live with their parents and have excessive drinking problems. Unfortunately, age is not an indicator of maturity. These individuals are worse than youngsters half their age. I often wonder how they make enough money to feed their alcohol and cigarette addiction as well as pay for their pool and drinks.

Physician-Assisted Suicide Essay - Euthanasia Should Not be Legalized

Euthanasia Should Not be Legalized      Ã‚   "It is conceivable, that life can deteriorate to the point where persons lose their dignity and self-respect and are unable to communicate; life in such a form no longer meets meets the basic criteria of human- ness."   (O'Keefe, A1)   Under these circumstances only should Euthanasia be practiced and then only passively ("pulling the plug").   "Dutch Death", Euthanasia, doctor assisted suicide, whatever you want to call it, it should not be legalized.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   People should live their lives for as long as long as it is worth living.   As long as someone can still have experiences and communicate with others, they should go on living. Someone may have six months to live and decides to end their life rematurely, saying that they are going to die anyway, why bother with waiting.   It is the same with anyone. Everyone will eventually die, so why doesn't every one just kill themselves now?   It is because there are things they want to do and see, there is life they still have yet to experience.   The same thing is true for a terminably ill person, they could do alot in that six months. They write an autobiography or a novel, do a lot of reading or traveling, who knows?   It has been said that trials and pain make us stronger.   Even if someone is in pain, that pain could make them mentally stronger than if they give up and take the easy way out.   Life is pain, everyone goes through pain in their lives, but most stick it out to the end, not giving up taking the easy way out.   As long as a person still is able to know what is happening around them and can interact with the world around them it should be... ...hey deemed fit for death.   Then perhaps we would become like a dog or cat and instead of bothering to heal us we would just be put down.   Who knows where it would end.   These examples are pretty radical, but once we take that first step there is no telling where it will end.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sometimes change is needed in society, sometimes things must change to fit societies needs.   Some things, however, can never change;   it will always be wrong to steal, it will always be wrong to kill, and it will allways be wrong to kill someone. Works cited Henry, Sarah. "The Battle Over Assisted Suicide:   A Time to Die" California Lawyer, January, 1996 O'Keefe, Mark.   "Doctor Assisted Suicide:   Dutch Death" The Oregonian, January 8, 1995.   ppA1+ Shavelson, Lonny.   A Chosen Death;   The Dying confront Assisted Suicide, January, 1994

Show Choir

Show Choir Learning Design Information Project Title: Show Choir Developer(s): Amy Hanson Development Date: 06/15/1998 Revised By: Amy Hanson Revision Date: 10/19/1998 Organization: Shawano-Gresham School District Department: music Instructional Area: Music & Arts Instructional Level: 6-8 Total Credits: 0 Target Population 6th-8th grade students Course Description Show Choir is an elective class that integrates choreography into the choral experience. A varied repertoire of 2 and 3 part music is memorized, choreographed and then performed in a concert setting.Vocal technique, developing the ensemble and dance are the main emphasis of this class. Various public performances are presented by this group. Target Exit Learning Outcomes Core Abilities 1 Make informed choices based on global connections due to the interdependence of the world o learner recognizes cultural differences in order to promote understanding for a cooperative work and social environment o learner demonstrates aware ness of current world events o learner describes political, economic and social systems different from one's own o learner demonstrates geographical literacy learner recognizes difference in world measurements 2 Utilize informational resources for life-long learning o learner augments and values learning o learner is open to new ideas o learner has avocational interests o learner understands the need for ongoing education o learner searches for knowledge to satisfy curiosity o learner sets goals and makes plans to achieve them o learner takes risks 3 Communicate effectively through speaking and writing in all areas o learner applies the English language correctly (spelling, grammar, structure) o learner writes so others can understand learner speaks so others can understand o learner gives instructions o learner expresses empathy o learner checks for accuracy o learner writes legibly o learner applies effective listening o learner uses acceptable language o learner provides necessar y detail o learner describes problems accurately o learner understands the impact of nonverbal communication 4 Use problem solving skills in real world situations o learner identifies the problem learner clarifies purposes and goals o learner identifies solutions to a problem and their impact o learner employs reasoning skills o learner evaluates options o learner sets priorities o learner selects and implements a solution to a problem o learner evaluates results of implemented option o learner organizes workloads 5 Practice citizenship skills based on democratic principles o learner accepts responsibility of membership in society o learner knows the ole and impact of social and organizational systems and operates effectively with them o learner performs community service o learner assumes leadership or supporting roles as appropriate o learner practices behaviors that promote the basic values of our democracy o learner is informed about current issues o learner respects the rights of others o learner understands political and economic global interdependence o learner practices environmental stewardship o learner participates in the political process Appreciate past and present cultures and the impact of those groups on individuals and society o learner describes the importance and influence of cultural diversity and equity on educational planning and transition from school to work o learner validates the importance of cultural diversity and equity by behaviorally demonstrating respect for diversity and equity in school, work, and community environments o learner analyzes the historic effect of cultures, including inequities and biases Performance Expectations Goals 1.Sing alone and with others a varied repertoire of 2 and 3 part music 2. Develop individual vocal technique, ensemble skills and dance 3. Demonstrate creativity in music 4. Demonstrate music literacy 5. Create a knowledge of musical theatre 6. Cultivate relationships between music and other discip lines 7. Promote community involvement through performance 8. Investigate musical careers and life applications 1. Develop a repertoire of 2 and 3 part vocal music Properties Domain: Cognitive Level: Synthesis Difficulty: Low Importance: Essential Linked Core AbilitiesMake informed choices based on global connections due to the interdependence of the world Utilize informational resources for life-long learning Communicate effectively through speaking and writing in all areas Criteria – Criteria – Performance will be satisfactory when: o learner sings a variety of 2 and 3 part songs Conditions for Assessment – Competence will be demonstrated: o teacher observation o concert performances Learning Objectives a. Distinguish between 2 and 3 parts Procedure b. Sing both melody and harmony parts Procedure c.Sing music representing diverse cultures and genres of music Process 2. Enhance individual vocal development Properties Domain: Cognitive Level: Synthesis Difficult y: Medium Importance: Essential Linked Core Abilities Utilize informational resources for life-long learning Communicate effectively through speaking and writing in all areas Use problem solving skills in real world situations Criteria – Criteria – Performance will be satisfactory when: o learner practices proper posture and breath support o learner displays ability to match pitch learner produces full, open and supported sound Conditions for Assessment – Competence will be demonstrated: o teacher observation o student critique o solo & ensemble competition Learning Objectives a. Develop ability to sing and dance alone and in a group Procedure b. Sing accurately and with proper breath control Procedure c. Match pitch accurately Procedure d. Demonstrate correct singing posture Process e. Perform music expressively Concept f. Participate in solo and ensemble alone or in a small group Procedure 3. Sing with technical accuracy PropertiesDomain: Psychomotor Level: Pr actice Difficulty: Medium Importance: Essential Linked Core Abilities Utilize informational resources for life-long learning Communicate effectively through speaking and writing in all areas Use problem solving skills in real world situations Criteria – Criteria – Performance will be satisfactory when: o learner sings correctly alone and in their section Conditions for Assessment – Competence will be demonstrated: o teacher observation Learning Objectives a. Match pitches accurately Procedure b. Sing accurately and with proper breath controlProcedure c. Read rhythms and pitches correctly Procedure d. Practice proper vowel production Procedure 4. Exhibit ensemble skills Properties Domain: Affective Level: Internalizing Difficulty: High Importance: Essential Linked Core Abilities Make informed choices based on global connections due to the interdependence of the world Utilize informational resources for life-long learning Communicate effectively through speaking a nd writing in all areas Use problem solving skills in real world situations Practice citizenship skills based on democratic principlesCriteria – Criteria – Performance will be satisfactory when: o learner can sing part alone and in their section Conditions for Assessment – Competence will be demonstrated: o teacher observation Learning Objectives a. Differentiate between melody and harmony parts Procedure b. Be aware of the individual's roles within their section Principle c. Sing and dance expressively as a section and as part of an ensemble Concept d. Perform music from memory Procedure e. Evaluate musical performances of other groups Principle 5. Develop expressive qualities of musical elements PropertiesDomain: Cognitive Level: Synthesis Difficulty: High Importance: Essential Linked Core Abilities Make informed choices based on global connections due to the interdependence of the world Utilize informational resources for life-long learning Communicate effect ively through speaking and writing in all areas Use problem solving skills in real world situations Criteria – Criteria – Performance will be satisfactory when: o learner performs a piece with the correct interpretation and style of selected piece o learner displays understanding of standard musical symbols of pitch, rhythm, dynamics and articulationConditions for Assessment – Competence will be demonstrated: o student critique o teacher observation Learning Objectives a. Differentiate between different styles and genres of music Process b. Demonstrate correct dynamics, phrasing and style Procedure c. Evaluate performances Principle 6. Prepare public music performances Properties Domain: Cognitive Level: Application Difficulty: Medium Importance: Essential Linked Core Abilities Practice citizenship skills based on democratic principlesCriteria – Criteria – Performance will be satisfactory when: o learner performs in a winter concert & spring concer t Conditions for Assessment – Competence will be demonstrated: o teacher observation o student critique of performance Learning Objectives a. Perform music in a public concert Procedure b. Practice music and concert ettiquette Process c. Perform memorized music Procedure d. Evaluate performances by other groups Principle 7. Investigate other areas of the arts including musical theatre, dance and visual arts Properties Domain: Cognitive Level: ApplicationDifficulty: Low Importance: Useful Linked Core Abilities Appreciate past and present cultures and the impact of those groups on individuals and society Criteria – Criteria – Performance will be satisfactory when: o learner participates in group discussions o observes various examples of the fine arts Conditions for Assessment – Competence will be demonstrated: o written exam o teacher observation Learning Objectives a. Discuss the importance of music in the arts Concept b. Study musical theatre, dance and visual arts Procedure c. Investigate careers in musicConcept d. Compare musical works by era, composer and style Process Show Choir R&S Standards NATIONAL STANDARDS OF EXCELLENCE FOR SHOW CHOIRS Original authors:   Diana R. Spradling and National R&S Jazz & Show Choir Committee Revision authors: Ken Thomas and National R&S Show Choir Committee (2006) Purpose The purpose of these standards is to provide choral directors and choral educators (choreographers, arrangers, set designers, costumers, etc. ) with a foundation upon which to build their show choirs as a viable and contributing part of a total choral program.For the beginning show choir, these standards should serve as starting points upon which to build. For the developing show choir, these standards should serve as goals to strive to attain. For the experienced show choir, these standards should serve as a measure of evaluation for the effectiveness and viability of their ensemble. Premise Recognizing the complexity of the world in which we live and particularly that of the educational system in today’s society where much of the body of choral literature is taught and performed, we create these standards believing in certain fundamental premises.Foremost, the show choir is not a replacement for a traditional choral program but an enhancement of the existing program. The show choir experience is designed to build upon the experiences of a traditional choral program, to provide opportunities for the exploration of additional literature, to expose more people to experiences in choral singing and to attract more listeners to the beauty and joy of choral music. Furthermore, it must be the essential mission of ach choral director and choral educator to maintain a level of excellence and a dedication to integrity in the stylistic performance of choral music of all types, idioms, historical periods and styles. Standards I. Singing Performing alone and with others, the members of the show choir should d emonstrate the ability to sing a varied repertoire of music from the popular culture and musical theatre genres with appropriate and healthy vocal technique, musical accuracy, technical accuracy, expression, ensemble skills and stylistic integrity. II. Movement/DancePerforming alone and with others, the members of the show choir should demonstrate the ability to add movement to their performance that compliments the music through technical accuracy, appropriate ensemble technique, expression and appropriately varied styles of dance. III. Instrumental Accompaniment When performing with instrumental accompaniment, the members of the show choir should demonstrate the ability to create a total ensemble performance integrating the skills of all the performers into a stylistic, entertaining and educational package for both audience and participants.The use of live accompaniment is strongly encouraged. Directors of the show choir should work toward this achievement. IV. Integrating Art For ms While experiencing the rigors and complex demands required in combining the individual disciplines of music, dance and theatre into a single performance medium, the members of the show choir should demonstrate the skills of the complete artistic performer. V. Interpreting Music ElementsIn reading and notating well-crafted music, the members of the show choir should demonstrate the ability to read a vocal score of varying parts appropriate to the ability level of their ensemble, describe the elements of music being used and expressively interpret the markings within the score. VI. Stylistic Awareness After listening to analyzing and rehearsing the music, the members of the show choir should demonstrate stylistic awareness in the music they perform through appropriate vocabulary, the performance of appropriate articulations and phrasing and critical evaluation.VII. Performance Practices and Evaluation By evaluating performances, the members of the show choir should demonstrate the ability to objectively review both their performances and the performances of others utilizing the accepted standards of excellence incorporated by the disciplines of music, dance and theatre along with the ensemble approach to the combination of these disciplines.The members of the show choir should recognize that performance practices in this genre do allow for more individualized interpretation than that of traditional choral literature. VIII. Creativity of the Individual As a means of encouraging the development of a variety of individual competencies, the members of the show choir should be given the opportunity to demonstrate their individual talents and abilities as solo performers, as composers and arrangers of repertoire for the ensemble, as choreographers and designers and as production leadership team members.IX. Entertainment as Art Recognizing the relationship between the three disciplines of music, dance and theatre in the performing arts, the members of the show choir should demonstrate their concept of entertainment as an art form through the elements of performance, appropriate rehearsal etiquette, continuous practice with attention to detail and respect for the contributions of others. X. History and Pop CultureUnderstanding the genre of popular music and theatrical music in relationship to history and culture, the members of the show choir should demonstrate the ability to classify repertoire or performance by style, type or historical period and explain the reasoning behind their classification as well as identify the role that this music and its performers have played in the historical and cultural development of society. DYNAMICS 1. The competition is open to  all SFC members. 2. There should only be  one (1) entry per BIG SECTOR.All big sectors should confirm their entry with the lyrics of the songs on or before  June 18, 2011. (The official list should be signed by the  SFC Cluster and Sector Couple Coordinators  to ensure tha t they are certified SFC members). Changes will be entertained until  July 2, 2011. 3. A  Show Choir  is defined as a group of people who combine choral singing with dance movements, sometimes within the context of a specific idea or story. 4. Each BIG SECTOR has an assigned genre from which they can choose their song/s for the performance. a. NORTH – Motown . WEST – Latin American c. CENTRAL –  Ã‚  Boy Band/Girl Band d. EAST – Movie Sountrack e. SOUTH – Broadway 5. Each group must be composed of at least 30 members. They can be a combination of singers, dancers and instrumentalists. Three (3) points  will be deducted for every person in deficiency of the provision. 6. Entries must also be composed of MIXED performers – brothers and sisters (there should be more than 10 brothers or sisters in the group). 7. The members of the show choir  should demonstrate the ability to sing  their chosen music. . The members of the show choir   should demonstrate the ability to add movement or choreography to their performance  that complements the music. 9. The members of the band/instrumentalists in the show choir  should demonstrate the ability to arrange, mix and play their musical score. 10. Use of props is highly encouraged to develop the visual aspect of the performance. 11. The group is  responsible for bringing their own musical instruments. 12. Lyrics should be wholesome and not sexually suggestive or vulgar.The song can be in the form of fast-paced or slow-paced pieces. 13. The song rendition or medley should not exceed five (5) minutes. There will be a one-minute grace period for entrance and another minute for the exit. 14. Costumes are highly encouraged to add up to the total performance however, it must be decent and proper for the performance. The COMPETITIONS COMMITTEE deserves the right not to allow the performance of a group due to costume technicalities. I. CRITERIA FOR JUDGING MUSICAL RENDITI ON †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5% Voice Quality  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15% Choreography  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15% Blend and Balance  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15% SHOWMANSHIP †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦30% Stage Presence  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  10% Synchronization and Movements  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  10% Costume/Props  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  10% MESSAGE AND CONTENT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5% TOTAL †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 100% Theme Assignments NORTH MANILA (Motown) WEST MANILA (Latin America) CENTRAL MANILA (Boy Band and Girl Band) EAST MANILA (Movie Soundtracks) SOUTH MANILA (Broadway) Color Scheme: NORTH:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   YELLOW WEST:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   RED CENTRAL:   GREEN EAST:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   BLUE SOUTH:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ORANGE

Ocean Carriers Case Study Solution Essay

administrator SummaryGiven the current and judge securities industry conditions, the financial department of the naval Carriers Group is to evaluate the potential revenues and expenses of charge a new capsize station for loading transportation in rules of order to meet a received read for lease. A recommended approach would consist in analyzing the expectations for the world economy, trends in world swap and potential pack to involvehers however, an estimated clip of service should be assigned in order to harbinger future cash f outsets.Summary of factsIn January 2001, Mary Linn, vice president of pay for Ocean Carriers, had to decide whether to accept an offered leasing contract for the while of three familys. In the feature of acceptance of the above-mentioned contract, the profits of the follow would depend on the agreed use rates, operating costs, send out depreciation and inflation. after(prenominal)(prenominal) the closure of the contract, further income w ould be evaluated establish on expected market daily hire rates. The conditions for the proposed lease atomic number 18 shown in exhibit 1.Statement of problemThe duration of the leasing contract is quite short so the society has to analyze whether the posement as a whole lead fire to be profitable even after the closure of the contract. In order to do so, they will have to take into reputation the fluctuations of the daily cytologic smear rates in the short and long terms, as intimately as existing differences in revenue enhancement policies within its offices in Hong Kong and in the joined States. Last but not least, the ac phoner has to question the tenability of its 15-year policy.Analysis place hire ratesDaily spot hire rates argon predicted to glitter in 2001 and 2002 due to an impr e genuinelywhere in the run size (63 new vass argon scheduled for delivery) and expected doldrums in urge on ore and sear channelisements. smoothing iron ore and coal imports ar e very Copernican for the company because they are about 85% of the cargo it carries every year. Therefore, due to this future stagnation the company will face a weak market position, resulting in trim daily spot hire rates. general investmentDespite veto market conditions in the upcoming 2 years, long-term prospects look much more promising. Iron ore vas embarkments are going to increase due to new players joining the iron ore industry India and Australia. As a consequence, in this new global market, daily strike rates and spot daily contract rates will probably muster producing additional demand for enterments.Companys 15-year policyThe company used to dispute or sell ships just forwards their 15th year of navigation to vitiate paying for maintenance expenses related to the third modified survey. According to our calculations presented in the divulge 2, momentping the vas before the 15th year is not recommended. Results show that the NPV of a ship after 15 years i s higher(prenominal) than the scrap value of 5 million dollars.Thus, we advise the company to keep the ship longer than 15-year period, since operating the vessel over a longer period will earn additional profit and the ship can be scrapped some time later, granting the same million dollars. However, there are few factors that signal why company might be willing to get rid of the vessel. Firstly, if the companys priority is to keep a young fleet of cargo ships, operating ships older than 15 years may not be the optimal choice. In fact, older ships are riskier and are less efficient.Secondly, due to low demand for older ships, leasing the same vessel in future might be an ineffective venture.Investment decisionWe computed devil separate calculations for given devil boldnesss in Exhibit 2.According to confidence A the company operates in United States, therefore has to pay 35% of taxes, whilst according to assumption B, company operates in Hong Kong, and its lighten of taxes. O ur calculations show that NPV in the outgrowth scenario is negative in both 2017 (-6,350,239) and 2027 (- 4,285,462) due to very high taxes, while in the southward scenario the NPV is positive in both 2017 (1,719,018) and 2027 (4,025,600).Its important to understand why we presented two columns for 2017. First column shows the numbers in the case of operating a vessel for 15 years, whilst second column shows the value in case ship was to be operated for a longer period. Another important fact to consider is that in the first scenario, when the company operates ship only for 15 years, we excluded the metropolis expenditure for 2017 related to the survey, Whilst, in the second scenario, while operating the ship for more than 15 years, we added the yearly capital expenditure back. We made an important assumption we did not include capital expenditures tie in to the last special survey, because we assumed that the company is scrapping the ship just before the special survey is condu cted.RecommendationsIn conclusion, keeping in mind what we demonstrated before, the company should invest in the production of the new vessel only in Hong Kong and should not scrap it after 15 years, because its NPV will unsounded be positive.